Memo..
Direct than letter.
No concern about word
effect or emphasis.
Policy or directive in
memo form.
Formal
Direct.
Clear
Well organized.
Direct beginning .. Start
with subject.
Good readability.
Separate listing of other
issues.
Separate listing of other
solutions.
Closing personal
remarks.
Process of writing business messages..
Plan the message.
Determine objective
of the message.
Predict how the
reader will react.
Get the facts you
need.
Select the message
plan by analyzing and
organizing info.
Use indirect order for
unfavorable reactions.
Write with clarity and
effect.
Review , rework,
revise.
Process
Edit
Proof of final draft.
Good and neutral messages
Direct.
Explain enough to
answer.
Logical.
If one question, then
start with it.
More.. Separate
sentence for each
question.
Use question form.
Be sure of yes or no
type answer.
End friendly
comment.
Review the order.
Use picture bullets.
Inquiries about people
Respect human
rights.
Ask only for info
related to job.
Stress fact, business
use, authorized and
treat confidentially.
Questions about job.
Plan.
Begin direct
Explain situation.
Cover additional
points logically.
End with good will
talk.
Advice..
A letter is a deliberate
and written
conversation.
Write only as you
would speak.
Do not answer a letter
in the midst of great
anger.
Letter is oration in
written form.
Put yourself in the
position of the
correspondent and
review and revise.
Use auto correct, auto
text, auto format tools
in MSWORD
Response..
Begin by answering
first /question.
Begin saying you are
complying with the
request.
Identify message
being answered.
Logically arrange
answers.
Emphasize favorable
response by placing
at start and end.
Orderly listing of
answers.
Complete and
concise answers.
Add Good will end
remarks.
Personnel evaluations
Direct order.
Direct plan, emphasize
fair ness
Fair and accurate.
Facts only.
Proper emphasis with
subordination of ideas.
Legally correct.
Begin by answering
question /complying with
request/ order.
Refer to inquiry in a
subject line.
Report fairly accurately.
End with good will
comment and pledging
loyalty.
Adjustment grant or free replacement
shipment
Direct positive response.
Acknowledge wrongs and correct the same
Tell good news first.
Emphasize positive.
Avoid negatives in word or thought.
Try to regain confidence of client due to prompt
corrective action.
End with goodwill comment.
Order acknowledgement..
In the form of favorable response.
Handle by messages or notes.
Special cases use individual messages.
Begin direct, telling status of order execution.
Build good will.
Appreciate the client.
End with friendly comment and assurance of
better goods and timely service.
Claims..
Bad experience but good response case.
Direct order.
Identify the transaction.
State what went wrong.
State clear view of facts.
Suggest a remedy.
If possible replace or repair make suggestions.
End with cordial words.
Bad news messages
Indirect approach.
Use initial buffer.
Select strategy to
overcome reader
negative reaction.
Present your strategy
convincingly.
Present bad news
positively.
Be certain that right
and honor are with
you.
End with good will
remarks.
Refused requests.
Refuse request while
maintaining good will.
Develop a strategy and
implement it.
Begin with set up for
explanation.
Present your explanation
convincingly.
Refusal should flow
logically from the
reasoning.
Do not emphasize it.
State the refusal quickly,
clearly and positively.
Use compromise where
practicable.
Do not apologize.
End with a pleasant off
subject comment.
Adjustment refusal
Determine strategy.
Set up your
reasoning.
Point of common
agreement.
Point out how claim is
beyond what is
reasonable.
Refuse positively.
End with good will.
Present compromise
wherever possible.
Present a
counterproposal.
Do not be blunt in
refusal.
Credit refusal..
Credit is personal - use
tact in refusal.
Gain future client at a
later date.
Begin by working out the
refusal strategy.
You can imply the reason
with bad moral risks.
Refuse clearly and
positively.
Offer an explanation
based on rules laid by
third party like RBI or
IBA/central bank.
Frank discussion on
weak financial risk.
Do not give explanation
for bad risk.
Thank you for the credit
request .
Close with positive
remarks
Sales messages
Determine persuasion
strategy. money reward,
personal benefit,
selection among many.
Gain attention in opening.
Prepare reader to receive
message positively.
Present points
convincingly.
Make request clearly
positively.
Word the request for best
effect.
Do not use a negative
tone.
Be positive.
Request can end the
message or be followed
by more persuasion.
End with a reminder of
the appeal .
Sales messaging
Direct mail sales
messages are not
always well received.
Email sales
messages are even
more unpopular.
Permission email
marketing is
emerging.
Join network email
marketing.
Sales writing..
Brochures, leaflet, letter,
email, SMS
Study the product or
service.
Study the reader.
Research prospective
customers.
Decide on what appeals
and strategies to use.
Appeals may be
emotional.
Appeals may be rational.
Select the appeals that fit
the product and
prospects.
Prospects use of product
determines the best
appeal.
Use imagination.
Use attention gaining
devices and words.
Email use all computer
creativity, animation,
video, audio etc.
Sales..
Begin by gaining
attention.
Attention begins with
envelope.
In email attention begins
with from , to, subject
fields. Be honest and
direct.
Opening sentence should
hold attention and set up
the strategy.
Rational appeals stress
logic.
Gimmicks can gain
attention and emphasize
a theme.
Summarize message first
and develop later in fine
print.
Create emotional need
and present sales
material to cater to it.
Highly conversational.
Fast moving.
Aggressive writing.
Use all kinds of graphics,
animations, colours.
Use your USP.
Choose words for effect.
Give all necessary info
Coordinate sales letter
with accompanying
booklets, brochures,
leaflets.
Reduce effort required to reply or place order.
Email provide many links.
End with a drive for the
sale / closing the deal.
Closing..
Command action.
Request action.
Urge action now.
Recall the appeal.
Add acceptable effective post script.
Offer to remove reader from mailing as a courtesy.
Plan:
Gain attention.
Create desire.
give all info.
Drive for the sale.
Add a post script.
Offer to remove from email list.
Job search…
Build a network of ontacts.
Broaden your circle of friends.
Know your profession.
Meet executives.
Make contacts through internships.
Work with community organizations.
Look at your internal and external SWOTs.
Education with specialization.
Career choice.
Quality of educational grades.
Personal qualities like people skills and leadership skills with egs.
Look at your internal and external SWOTs.
Education with specialization.
Career choice.
Quality of educational grades.
Personal qualities like people skills and leadership skills with egs.
Job search..
Work experience with interpretation.
Special qualities like languages , communication skills.
Combine internal and external SWOT factors.
Find potential employer:
School career center.
Network/ contacts.
Classified ads.
Online sources
Employment agencies.
Personal search agents.
Web page profiles.
Prospecting.
Find potential employer:
School career center.
Network/ contacts.
Classified ads.
Online sources
Employment agencies.
Personal search agents.
Web page profiles.
Prospecting.
Application..
Pursue job openings by personal visit, online mail, email, fax.
Use resumes, cover messages and reference sheets.
Use sales mail techniques.
Study the product (you) and the work/ employer (prospect).
Decide whether to send a message alone or with a resume.
Choose print or electronic format.
Orderly resume.
Resume.
Arrange data for eye
appeal.
Include objective in
official life and contact
info.
Construct a heading for
the entire resume and
subheading for the parts.
Education ( institution,
date, degree, major field,
distinction.)
Employment ( dates,
places, firms, duties,
accomplishments)
Personal details (member
ships, interests,
achievements)
Special info
(achievements,
qualifications,
capabilities)
Add a reference sheet
with detailed comments.
Resume formats
Monster .com
Naukri .com
Jobsearch.com
Yahoo.co.in
MSWORD
Google.com
resume
Organize for your strengths.
Reverse chronological order.
Relevant skills and experience.
Accomplishments and achievements to show you can perform.
You are good fit for the position applied for.
Experienced
Highly trained.
Self motivated.
Write impersonally and consistently.
Design resume as a graphic designer would do.
design
Margins inch all round
and 1.5 inches bottom.
Items short and in two uncrowded rows.
Avoid long and narrow columns of data.
Extra spacing between subdivisions and indented patterns for
subparts.
Headings 14 font and
body 12 font.
Use ‘shrink to fit’ feature.
White, 100% cotton,20-
24 lb paper. Executive
bond.
Scannable laser original print resume.
Use key words that describe what you are good at.
resume
Use key words your employer would use to retrieve your resume.
Use precise nouns.
Use action verbs.
Send your resume by the channel that serves you best.
Electronic resume:
Give only email.
Set up web based email account solely for job search.
Date the resume.
Use PDF or DOC or
HTML file.
Cover message
Begin with attention line.
Present your qualifications.
Use good self sales strategy.
Drive for appropriate action like interview.
Refer to insider or employee.
Gain attention in opening.
Opening should fit the job.
Show you understand the employer and his organization and the job.
Stress the need you can fulfill.
Drive for the best job title starting from your strengths.
Interview
Research your employer.
Conservative dressing and grooming.
Anticipate questions and plan the answers.
Handle standard questions.
Answer all time wasted instances imaginatively
Be at ease
Calm.
Confident
Collected.
Research your pet subjects and projects done.
Lead the interviewer to your strengths.
Follow-up the interview.
Friday, February 9, 2007
Communication in offices
E mail age
Biggest threat to
business is badly
written and wrongly
understood email.
The best
communicator is a
good web page for
your company.
It is important to know
when to use email,
when to pick up a
phone, when to get in
a car, or board a
plane or a train
Communication is important to business
Business needs effective
communication.
Better communication
ability = better chances of
success.
Communication is : oral;
written; computer and
network
Most people do not
communicate well.
three categories:
Internal operational:
orders, reports, notes,
email
External operational:
sales pitch; telephonic
sales pitch; ads;
messages and billboards
Personal communication
Non business
Feeling based
Affects employee attitude
Affects employee
performance.
Informal network is fluid
and ever changing.
Managers do use
informal network to guide
and manipulate employee
morale.
Information flow is a
network.
Info Flow is in all
directions down; up ;
around and about.
Formal info network is
lifeline of business.
Formal network aligns
with power and authority
lines in a business.
Human communication..
A message is formulated
in my brain.
It is converted to words
and pictures for sending.
It is sent to you through a
medium.
It is detected by your
senses.
It is sent to your brain and
interpreted there based
on your values and
experience.
Message is understood
differently.
You respond to it based
on your understanding of
the message.
Cycle is repeated.
Truths about communication
Meanings sent are not
always received.
Meaning is in the mind.
The symbols of
communication are
imperfect.
Communication across
cultures is especially
difficult.
People differ in their
ability to communicate.
Communication is an
unique event.
We need to adapt
communication to the
minds of receivers.
Successful
communication is the
goal of communication
process.
Emphasis should be on
ethical communication
Fundamentals of business writing
If you have a great mind and
great thoughts but you are not
able to express them , it is very
hard to be successful.
For writing to be clear it must
be adapted to the receiver.
Visualize the receiver.. What
he knows, thinks and feels and
then compose your thoughts to
suit the same.
Write at a level of the receiver
even if it is lower than your
own.
Write to the lowest common
level of the group you are
addressing.
Select the right word.
Make it simple.
You know more hence it is
easier for you to simplify.
Writing slightly below the level
of the receiver’s level of
understanding communicates
best.
Use familiar words..
Word should sound and
mean the actual event.
Use ‘Try instead of
endeavour’.
‘Noise instead of auditory
symptoms’.
Use slang only when you
understand it fully and it
is suitable and apt.
Use short words.
Reduce the number of
technical words and
jargon.
Jargon is only fit for
technical audience and
peers.
Give the full form of
initials first time to use
them.
Use legal terms only
when it is a must.
Use plain words.
Select words with right strength and
emphasis
Words have
personalities.
Select correct shade of
word.
Weaker words serve
better most of the time.
Grammar and style
checkers in MSWORD
help with word selection.
Always use it.
Verbs are strongest
words.
Nouns come next.
Adjectives and adverbs
are weakest words.
Use concrete words /
specific words.
Reduce use of abstract
nouns.
Prefer active voice as it is
stronger and nearer to
action.
Passive voice..
It is used in government ,
law and banks.
It is used when doer is
not important.
You avoid accusing the
reader.
Use when performer is
not known.
Use if you do not want to
name the performer.
Avoid camouflaged
words.
Action to noun to
camouflaged verb.
Eg: ‘acquire’ to
‘acquisition’ to ‘make an
acquisition’.
‘Appear’ to ‘appearance’
to ‘make an appearance’.
Public is the most important audience..
Write concrete words.
Use active voice.
Make subjects persons or
things.
Write sentences in
normal order.
Select words with precise
meaning.
Learn shades of
difference of words by
studying language/
literature.
Use correct idiom.
Avoid idioms if you
cannot use it right.
Avoid words that
discriminate against any
particular group or
orientation or attitude.
Use gender neutral words
Use he/she..
Make reference plural.
He/she = they/them.
Use neutral expressions.
Avoid words suggesting
male dominance.
Do not use man– words.
Do not use words that
lower the status of the
reader. eg: girl/woman for
a lawyer
Avoid stereotype words
for race, nationality,
sexual orientation.
Avoid words linking
minorities.
Do not label people
young or old.
Be sensitive to disabled
people.
Learn more about
words…
Construction of sentences
Adapt sentence to
reader.
Use simple sentence
structure.
Use Short sentences (16-
18 words).
Use readability statistics
in MSWORD to evaluate
document length and
difficulty.
Government laws /
regulations have long
sentences.
Short sentences are
achieved by
Limiting sentence
content
By using words
economically.
Avoid too many short
sentences.
Economize on words.
Short Sentences..
Substitute single words
for phrases.
Eliminate surplus words.
Always edit the
manuscript at least five
times before mailing it
out.
Avoid round about ways
of saying things.
Avoid excessive detail.
Avoid repetition of ideas
Repeat words only for
effect and emphasis.
Give every item its due
emphasis.
All parts of the sentence
relate to one single
thought.
Do not place unrelated
ideas in a sentence.
Show main idea and
show subordinate ideas
by giving relationship.
Logical sentences
Avoid illogical
construction.
Avoid mixed
construction.
Do not mix active
passive voice in same
sentence.
Follow grammar.
Avoid dangling
modifiers.
Avoid unparallel
constructions.
Avoid pronouns
without antecedents.
Avoid subject verb
disagreements.
Para design.
Logical.
Organized.
One topic per para.
Use topic sentence as
first line of para or
end line of para..
Leave out
unnecessary detail.
Short para.
8 lines per para.
Avoid para above 12
lines
Each para should
take you nearer to
goal of
communication.
Writing for effect.
Clarity first.
Planned effect.
Build goodwill.
Writing in Conversational
style is effective.
Resist tendency to be
formal.
Be friendly and
conversational.
Cut out rubber stamps
phrases: (‘last but not the
least’).
Use you- viewpoint
emphasizing reader’s
interests.
In writing printed word
alone must do the work of
voice, facial expression,
gestures and emotion.
Cut out rubber stamps
phrases: (‘last but not the
least’).
Use you- viewpoint
emphasizing reader’s
interests.
In writing printed word
alone must do the work of
voice, facial expression,
gestures and emotion.
Reader first.
Even bad news gets
lighter by you view point.
Be sincere.
Accent on positive
language.
Positive words for
persuasion and goodwill.
Negative words invoke
resistance and hurt
goodwill.
Never use strong
negative words.
Courtesy contributes to
goodwill.
Single out your reader.
Do not preach or lecture.
Avoid elementary obvious
statements.
Do more than expected.
Do not leave out
essentials.
Avoid anger or hint of it.
Be sincere.
Be courteous and
sincere.
Believe in techniques of
courtesy.
Do not overdo youviewpoint.
Avoid exaggeration.
Avoid superlatives.
Emphasize main ideas.
Be sincere.
Be courteous and
sincere.
Believe in techniques of
courtesy.
Do not overdo youviewpoint.
Avoid exaggeration.
Avoid superlatives.
Emphasize main ideas.
Emphasize by position.
Emphasize by devoting
more space.
Emphasize by short and
simple sentences.
Use mechanical means
of emphasis like
underline, color, diagram
Coherence..
Messages should be
internally coherent.
Stick to logic of
thought.
Tie in succeeding
thoughts.
Repeat key words to
connect thoughts.
Use pronouns to
connect.
Use transitional words
naturally.
SMS, email, web messaging
Shortened English
words.
Convey full message
with minimal need for
response from reader.
Saves time.
Cheap.
Written record.
Not confidential.
Emotion less.
Ignored or delayed.
To= main email
address
Cc= copy to email
address
Bcc= blind courtesy
copy email address
email
Subject= precise
clear idea.
Attachments= attach
a file. Ensure virus
free.
The message=
information sent
Start with identifying
yourself.
Organize information
in descending order
of importance.
Language can be
casual informal or
formal.
Casual messaging
Use slang
Colloquialism
Contractions
Short sentences.
Casual to friends or
acquaintances.
Informal language like
conversation.
Formal language like
business letter.
Write concisely.
No reference to
previous
communications.
Clear writing.
Courteous writing.
SMA email
Correct English as far as
possible while using short
messaging forms.
End with closing statement.
Use emphasis devices for
email like asterisk before and
after.
No email
if message is long.
Needs clarifications.
Confidential sensitive info.
Emotional message.
Avoiding direct contact.
Highly charged issues.
Use initialisms:
ASAP:
as soon as possible
BTW
By the way
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
FWIW
For whatever it is worth
TIA
Thanks in advance
TTFN
Ta-ta for now
memo
Internal letters.
Short reports.
Standard memo
template.
Direct approach.
Jargon allowed.
Specific info in logical
order.
End courtesy.
Biggest threat to
business is badly
written and wrongly
understood email.
The best
communicator is a
good web page for
your company.
It is important to know
when to use email,
when to pick up a
phone, when to get in
a car, or board a
plane or a train
Communication is important to business
Business needs effective
communication.
Better communication
ability = better chances of
success.
Communication is : oral;
written; computer and
network
Most people do not
communicate well.
three categories:
Internal operational:
orders, reports, notes,
External operational:
sales pitch; telephonic
sales pitch; ads;
messages and billboards
Personal communication
Non business
Feeling based
Affects employee attitude
Affects employee
performance.
Informal network is fluid
and ever changing.
Managers do use
informal network to guide
and manipulate employee
morale.
Information flow is a
network.
Info Flow is in all
directions down; up ;
around and about.
Formal info network is
lifeline of business.
Formal network aligns
with power and authority
lines in a business.
Human communication..
A message is formulated
in my brain.
It is converted to words
and pictures for sending.
It is sent to you through a
medium.
It is detected by your
senses.
It is sent to your brain and
interpreted there based
on your values and
experience.
Message is understood
differently.
You respond to it based
on your understanding of
the message.
Cycle is repeated.
Truths about communication
Meanings sent are not
always received.
Meaning is in the mind.
The symbols of
communication are
imperfect.
Communication across
cultures is especially
difficult.
People differ in their
ability to communicate.
Communication is an
unique event.
We need to adapt
communication to the
minds of receivers.
Successful
communication is the
goal of communication
process.
Emphasis should be on
ethical communication
Fundamentals of business writing
If you have a great mind and
great thoughts but you are not
able to express them , it is very
hard to be successful.
For writing to be clear it must
be adapted to the receiver.
Visualize the receiver.. What
he knows, thinks and feels and
then compose your thoughts to
suit the same.
Write at a level of the receiver
even if it is lower than your
own.
Write to the lowest common
level of the group you are
addressing.
Select the right word.
Make it simple.
You know more hence it is
easier for you to simplify.
Writing slightly below the level
of the receiver’s level of
understanding communicates
best.
Use familiar words..
Word should sound and
mean the actual event.
Use ‘Try instead of
endeavour’.
‘Noise instead of auditory
symptoms’.
Use slang only when you
understand it fully and it
is suitable and apt.
Use short words.
Reduce the number of
technical words and
jargon.
Jargon is only fit for
technical audience and
peers.
Give the full form of
initials first time to use
them.
Use legal terms only
when it is a must.
Use plain words.
Select words with right strength and
emphasis
Words have
personalities.
Select correct shade of
word.
Weaker words serve
better most of the time.
Grammar and style
checkers in MSWORD
help with word selection.
Always use it.
Verbs are strongest
words.
Nouns come next.
Adjectives and adverbs
are weakest words.
Use concrete words /
specific words.
Reduce use of abstract
nouns.
Prefer active voice as it is
stronger and nearer to
action.
Passive voice..
It is used in government ,
law and banks.
It is used when doer is
not important.
You avoid accusing the
reader.
Use when performer is
not known.
Use if you do not want to
name the performer.
Avoid camouflaged
words.
Action to noun to
camouflaged verb.
Eg: ‘acquire’ to
‘acquisition’ to ‘make an
acquisition’.
‘Appear’ to ‘appearance’
to ‘make an appearance’.
Public is the most important audience..
Write concrete words.
Use active voice.
Make subjects persons or
things.
Write sentences in
normal order.
Select words with precise
meaning.
Learn shades of
difference of words by
studying language/
literature.
Use correct idiom.
Avoid idioms if you
cannot use it right.
Avoid words that
discriminate against any
particular group or
orientation or attitude.
Use gender neutral words
Use he/she..
Make reference plural.
He/she = they/them.
Use neutral expressions.
Avoid words suggesting
male dominance.
Do not use man– words.
Do not use words that
lower the status of the
reader. eg: girl/woman for
a lawyer
Avoid stereotype words
for race, nationality,
sexual orientation.
Avoid words linking
minorities.
Do not label people
young or old.
Be sensitive to disabled
people.
Learn more about
words…
Construction of sentences
Adapt sentence to
reader.
Use simple sentence
structure.
Use Short sentences (16-
18 words).
Use readability statistics
in MSWORD to evaluate
document length and
difficulty.
Government laws /
regulations have long
sentences.
Short sentences are
achieved by
Limiting sentence
content
By using words
economically.
Avoid too many short
sentences.
Economize on words.
Short Sentences..
Substitute single words
for phrases.
Eliminate surplus words.
Always edit the
manuscript at least five
times before mailing it
out.
Avoid round about ways
of saying things.
Avoid excessive detail.
Avoid repetition of ideas
Repeat words only for
effect and emphasis.
Give every item its due
emphasis.
All parts of the sentence
relate to one single
thought.
Do not place unrelated
ideas in a sentence.
Show main idea and
show subordinate ideas
by giving relationship.
Logical sentences
Avoid illogical
construction.
Avoid mixed
construction.
Do not mix active
passive voice in same
sentence.
Follow grammar.
Avoid dangling
modifiers.
Avoid unparallel
constructions.
Avoid pronouns
without antecedents.
Avoid subject verb
disagreements.
Para design.
Logical.
Organized.
One topic per para.
Use topic sentence as
first line of para or
end line of para..
Leave out
unnecessary detail.
Short para.
8 lines per para.
Avoid para above 12
lines
Each para should
take you nearer to
goal of
communication.
Writing for effect.
Clarity first.
Planned effect.
Build goodwill.
Writing in Conversational
style is effective.
Resist tendency to be
formal.
Be friendly and
conversational.
Cut out rubber stamps
phrases: (‘last but not the
least’).
Use you- viewpoint
emphasizing reader’s
interests.
In writing printed word
alone must do the work of
voice, facial expression,
gestures and emotion.
Cut out rubber stamps
phrases: (‘last but not the
least’).
Use you- viewpoint
emphasizing reader’s
interests.
In writing printed word
alone must do the work of
voice, facial expression,
gestures and emotion.
Reader first.
Even bad news gets
lighter by you view point.
Be sincere.
Accent on positive
language.
Positive words for
persuasion and goodwill.
Negative words invoke
resistance and hurt
goodwill.
Never use strong
negative words.
Courtesy contributes to
goodwill.
Single out your reader.
Do not preach or lecture.
Avoid elementary obvious
statements.
Do more than expected.
Do not leave out
essentials.
Avoid anger or hint of it.
Be sincere.
Be courteous and
sincere.
Believe in techniques of
courtesy.
Do not overdo youviewpoint.
Avoid exaggeration.
Avoid superlatives.
Emphasize main ideas.
Be sincere.
Be courteous and
sincere.
Believe in techniques of
courtesy.
Do not overdo youviewpoint.
Avoid exaggeration.
Avoid superlatives.
Emphasize main ideas.
Emphasize by position.
Emphasize by devoting
more space.
Emphasize by short and
simple sentences.
Use mechanical means
of emphasis like
underline, color, diagram
Coherence..
Messages should be
internally coherent.
Stick to logic of
thought.
Tie in succeeding
thoughts.
Repeat key words to
connect thoughts.
Use pronouns to
connect.
Use transitional words
naturally.
SMS, email, web messaging
Shortened English
words.
Convey full message
with minimal need for
response from reader.
Saves time.
Cheap.
Written record.
Not confidential.
Emotion less.
Ignored or delayed.
To= main email
address
Cc= copy to email
address
Bcc= blind courtesy
copy email address
Subject= precise
clear idea.
Attachments= attach
a file. Ensure virus
free.
The message=
information sent
Start with identifying
yourself.
Organize information
in descending order
of importance.
Language can be
casual informal or
formal.
Casual messaging
Use slang
Colloquialism
Contractions
Short sentences.
Casual to friends or
acquaintances.
Informal language like
conversation.
Formal language like
business letter.
Write concisely.
No reference to
previous
communications.
Clear writing.
Courteous writing.
SMA email
Correct English as far as
possible while using short
messaging forms.
End with closing statement.
Use emphasis devices for
email like asterisk before and
after.
No email
if message is long.
Needs clarifications.
Confidential sensitive info.
Emotional message.
Avoiding direct contact.
Highly charged issues.
Use initialisms:
ASAP:
as soon as possible
BTW
By the way
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
FWIW
For whatever it is worth
TIA
Thanks in advance
TTFN
Ta-ta for now
memo
Internal letters.
Short reports.
Standard memo
template.
Direct approach.
Jargon allowed.
Specific info in logical
order.
End courtesy.
Communication in offices
E mail age
Biggest threat to
business is badly
written and wrongly
understood email.
The best
communicator is a
good web page for
your company.
It is important to know
when to use email,
when to pick up a
phone, when to get in
a car, or board a
plane or a train
Communication is important to business
Business needs effective
communication.
Better communication
ability = better chances of
success.
Communication is : oral;
written; computer and
network
Most people do not
communicate well.
three categories:
Internal operational:
orders, reports, notes,
email
External operational:
sales pitch; telephonic
sales pitch; ads;
messages and billboards
Personal communication
Non business
Feeling based
Affects employee attitude
Affects employee
performance.
Informal network is fluid
and ever changing.
Managers do use
informal network to guide
and manipulate employee
morale.
Information flow is a
network.
Info Flow is in all
directions down; up ;
around and about.
Formal info network is
lifeline of business.
Formal network aligns
with power and authority
lines in a business.
Human communication..
A message is formulated
in my brain.
It is converted to words
and pictures for sending.
It is sent to you through a
medium.
It is detected by your
senses.
It is sent to your brain and
interpreted there based
on your values and
experience.
Message is understood
differently.
You respond to it based
on your understanding of
the message.
Cycle is repeated.
Truths about communication
Meanings sent are not
always received.
Meaning is in the mind.
The symbols of
communication are
imperfect.
Communication across
cultures is especially
difficult.
People differ in their
ability to communicate.
Communication is an
unique event.
We need to adapt
communication to the
minds of receivers.
Successful
communication is the
goal of communication
process.
Emphasis should be on
ethical communication
Fundamentals of business writing
If you have a great mind and
great thoughts but you are not
able to express them , it is very
hard to be successful.
For writing to be clear it must
be adapted to the receiver.
Visualize the receiver.. What
he knows, thinks and feels and
then compose your thoughts to
suit the same.
Write at a level of the receiver
even if it is lower than your
own.
Write to the lowest common
level of the group you are
addressing.
Select the right word.
Make it simple.
You know more hence it is
easier for you to simplify.
Writing slightly below the level
of the receiver’s level of
understanding communicates
best.
Use familiar words..
Word should sound and
mean the actual event.
Use ‘Try instead of
endeavour’.
‘Noise instead of auditory
symptoms’.
Use slang only when you
understand it fully and it
is suitable and apt.
Use short words.
Reduce the number of
technical words and
jargon.
Jargon is only fit for
technical audience and
peers.
Give the full form of
initials first time to use
them.
Use legal terms only
when it is a must.
Use plain words.
Select words with right strength and
emphasis
Words have
personalities.
Select correct shade of
word.
Weaker words serve
better most of the time.
Grammar and style
checkers in MSWORD
help with word selection.
Always use it.
Verbs are strongest
words.
Nouns come next.
Adjectives and adverbs
are weakest words.
Use concrete words /
specific words.
Reduce use of abstract
nouns.
Prefer active voice as it is
stronger and nearer to
action.
Passive voice..
It is used in government ,
law and banks.
It is used when doer is
not important.
You avoid accusing the
reader.
Use when performer is
not known.
Use if you do not want to
name the performer.
Avoid camouflaged
words.
Action to noun to
camouflaged verb.
Eg: ‘acquire’ to
‘acquisition’ to ‘make an
acquisition’.
‘Appear’ to ‘appearance’
to ‘make an appearance’.
Public is the most important audience..
Write concrete words.
Use active voice.
Make subjects persons or
things.
Write sentences in
normal order.
Select words with precise
meaning.
Learn shades of
difference of words by
studying language/
literature.
Use correct idiom.
Avoid idioms if you
cannot use it right.
Avoid words that
discriminate against any
particular group or
orientation or attitude.
Use gender neutral words
Use he/she..
Make reference plural.
He/she = they/them.
Use neutral expressions.
Avoid words suggesting
male dominance.
Do not use man– words.
Do not use words that
lower the status of the
reader. eg: girl/woman for
a lawyer
Avoid stereotype words
for race, nationality,
sexual orientation.
Avoid words linking
minorities.
Do not label people
young or old.
Be sensitive to disabled
people.
Learn more about
words…
Construction of sentences
Adapt sentence to
reader.
Use simple sentence
structure.
Use Short sentences (16-
18 words).
Use readability statistics
in MSWORD to evaluate
document length and
difficulty.
Government laws /
regulations have long
sentences.
Short sentences are
achieved by
Limiting sentence
content
By using words
economically.
Avoid too many short
sentences.
Economize on words.
Short Sentences..
Substitute single words
for phrases.
Eliminate surplus words.
Always edit the
manuscript at least five
times before mailing it
out.
Avoid round about ways
of saying things.
Avoid excessive detail.
Avoid repetition of ideas
Repeat words only for
effect and emphasis.
Give every item its due
emphasis.
All parts of the sentence
relate to one single
thought.
Do not place unrelated
ideas in a sentence.
Show main idea and
show subordinate ideas
by giving relationship.
Logical sentences
Avoid illogical
construction.
Avoid mixed
construction.
Do not mix active
passive voice in same
sentence.
Follow grammar.
Avoid dangling
modifiers.
Avoid unparallel
constructions.
Avoid pronouns
without antecedents.
Avoid subject verb
disagreements.
Para design.
Logical.
Organized.
One topic per para.
Use topic sentence as
first line of para or
end line of para..
Leave out
unnecessary detail.
Short para.
8 lines per para.
Avoid para above 12
lines
Each para should
take you nearer to
goal of
communication.
Writing for effect.
Clarity first.
Planned effect.
Build goodwill.
Writing in Conversational
style is effective.
Resist tendency to be
formal.
Be friendly and
conversational.
Cut out rubber stamps
phrases: (‘last but not the
least’).
Use you- viewpoint
emphasizing reader’s
interests.
In writing printed word
alone must do the work of
voice, facial expression,
gestures and emotion.
Cut out rubber stamps
phrases: (‘last but not the
least’).
Use you- viewpoint
emphasizing reader’s
interests.
In writing printed word
alone must do the work of
voice, facial expression,
gestures and emotion.
Reader first.
Even bad news gets
lighter by you view point.
Be sincere.
Accent on positive
language.
Positive words for
persuasion and goodwill.
Negative words invoke
resistance and hurt
goodwill.
Never use strong
negative words.
Courtesy contributes to
goodwill.
Single out your reader.
Do not preach or lecture.
Avoid elementary obvious
statements.
Do more than expected.
Do not leave out
essentials.
Avoid anger or hint of it.
Be sincere.
Be courteous and
sincere.
Believe in techniques of
courtesy.
Do not overdo youviewpoint.
Avoid exaggeration.
Avoid superlatives.
Emphasize main ideas.
Be sincere.
Be courteous and
sincere.
Believe in techniques of
courtesy.
Do not overdo youviewpoint.
Avoid exaggeration.
Avoid superlatives.
Emphasize main ideas.
Emphasize by position.
Emphasize by devoting
more space.
Emphasize by short and
simple sentences.
Use mechanical means
of emphasis like
underline, color, diagram
Coherence..
Messages should be
internally coherent.
Stick to logic of
thought.
Tie in succeeding
thoughts.
Repeat key words to
connect thoughts.
Use pronouns to
connect.
Use transitional words
naturally.
SMS, email, web messaging
Shortened English
words.
Convey full message
with minimal need for
response from reader.
Saves time.
Cheap.
Written record.
Not confidential.
Emotion less.
Ignored or delayed.
To= main email
address
Cc= copy to email
address
Bcc= blind courtesy
copy email address
email
Subject= precise
clear idea.
Attachments= attach
a file. Ensure virus
free.
The message=
information sent
Start with identifying
yourself.
Organize information
in descending order
of importance.
Language can be
casual informal or
formal.
Casual messaging
Use slang
Colloquialism
Contractions
Short sentences.
Casual to friends or
acquaintances.
Informal language like
conversation.
Formal language like
business letter.
Write concisely.
No reference to
previous
communications.
Clear writing.
Courteous writing.
SMA email
Correct English as far as
possible while using short
messaging forms.
End with closing statement.
Use emphasis devices for
email like asterisk before and
after.
No email
if message is long.
Needs clarifications.
Confidential sensitive info.
Emotional message.
Avoiding direct contact.
Highly charged issues.
Use initialisms:
ASAP:
as soon as possible
BTW
By the way
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
FWIW
For whatever it is worth
TIA
Thanks in advance
TTFN
Ta-ta for now
memo
Internal letters.
Short reports.
Standard memo
template.
Direct approach.
Jargon allowed.
Specific info in logical
order.
End courtesy.
Biggest threat to
business is badly
written and wrongly
understood email.
The best
communicator is a
good web page for
your company.
It is important to know
when to use email,
when to pick up a
phone, when to get in
a car, or board a
plane or a train
Communication is important to business
Business needs effective
communication.
Better communication
ability = better chances of
success.
Communication is : oral;
written; computer and
network
Most people do not
communicate well.
three categories:
Internal operational:
orders, reports, notes,
External operational:
sales pitch; telephonic
sales pitch; ads;
messages and billboards
Personal communication
Non business
Feeling based
Affects employee attitude
Affects employee
performance.
Informal network is fluid
and ever changing.
Managers do use
informal network to guide
and manipulate employee
morale.
Information flow is a
network.
Info Flow is in all
directions down; up ;
around and about.
Formal info network is
lifeline of business.
Formal network aligns
with power and authority
lines in a business.
Human communication..
A message is formulated
in my brain.
It is converted to words
and pictures for sending.
It is sent to you through a
medium.
It is detected by your
senses.
It is sent to your brain and
interpreted there based
on your values and
experience.
Message is understood
differently.
You respond to it based
on your understanding of
the message.
Cycle is repeated.
Truths about communication
Meanings sent are not
always received.
Meaning is in the mind.
The symbols of
communication are
imperfect.
Communication across
cultures is especially
difficult.
People differ in their
ability to communicate.
Communication is an
unique event.
We need to adapt
communication to the
minds of receivers.
Successful
communication is the
goal of communication
process.
Emphasis should be on
ethical communication
Fundamentals of business writing
If you have a great mind and
great thoughts but you are not
able to express them , it is very
hard to be successful.
For writing to be clear it must
be adapted to the receiver.
Visualize the receiver.. What
he knows, thinks and feels and
then compose your thoughts to
suit the same.
Write at a level of the receiver
even if it is lower than your
own.
Write to the lowest common
level of the group you are
addressing.
Select the right word.
Make it simple.
You know more hence it is
easier for you to simplify.
Writing slightly below the level
of the receiver’s level of
understanding communicates
best.
Use familiar words..
Word should sound and
mean the actual event.
Use ‘Try instead of
endeavour’.
‘Noise instead of auditory
symptoms’.
Use slang only when you
understand it fully and it
is suitable and apt.
Use short words.
Reduce the number of
technical words and
jargon.
Jargon is only fit for
technical audience and
peers.
Give the full form of
initials first time to use
them.
Use legal terms only
when it is a must.
Use plain words.
Select words with right strength and
emphasis
Words have
personalities.
Select correct shade of
word.
Weaker words serve
better most of the time.
Grammar and style
checkers in MSWORD
help with word selection.
Always use it.
Verbs are strongest
words.
Nouns come next.
Adjectives and adverbs
are weakest words.
Use concrete words /
specific words.
Reduce use of abstract
nouns.
Prefer active voice as it is
stronger and nearer to
action.
Passive voice..
It is used in government ,
law and banks.
It is used when doer is
not important.
You avoid accusing the
reader.
Use when performer is
not known.
Use if you do not want to
name the performer.
Avoid camouflaged
words.
Action to noun to
camouflaged verb.
Eg: ‘acquire’ to
‘acquisition’ to ‘make an
acquisition’.
‘Appear’ to ‘appearance’
to ‘make an appearance’.
Public is the most important audience..
Write concrete words.
Use active voice.
Make subjects persons or
things.
Write sentences in
normal order.
Select words with precise
meaning.
Learn shades of
difference of words by
studying language/
literature.
Use correct idiom.
Avoid idioms if you
cannot use it right.
Avoid words that
discriminate against any
particular group or
orientation or attitude.
Use gender neutral words
Use he/she..
Make reference plural.
He/she = they/them.
Use neutral expressions.
Avoid words suggesting
male dominance.
Do not use man– words.
Do not use words that
lower the status of the
reader. eg: girl/woman for
a lawyer
Avoid stereotype words
for race, nationality,
sexual orientation.
Avoid words linking
minorities.
Do not label people
young or old.
Be sensitive to disabled
people.
Learn more about
words…
Construction of sentences
Adapt sentence to
reader.
Use simple sentence
structure.
Use Short sentences (16-
18 words).
Use readability statistics
in MSWORD to evaluate
document length and
difficulty.
Government laws /
regulations have long
sentences.
Short sentences are
achieved by
Limiting sentence
content
By using words
economically.
Avoid too many short
sentences.
Economize on words.
Short Sentences..
Substitute single words
for phrases.
Eliminate surplus words.
Always edit the
manuscript at least five
times before mailing it
out.
Avoid round about ways
of saying things.
Avoid excessive detail.
Avoid repetition of ideas
Repeat words only for
effect and emphasis.
Give every item its due
emphasis.
All parts of the sentence
relate to one single
thought.
Do not place unrelated
ideas in a sentence.
Show main idea and
show subordinate ideas
by giving relationship.
Logical sentences
Avoid illogical
construction.
Avoid mixed
construction.
Do not mix active
passive voice in same
sentence.
Follow grammar.
Avoid dangling
modifiers.
Avoid unparallel
constructions.
Avoid pronouns
without antecedents.
Avoid subject verb
disagreements.
Para design.
Logical.
Organized.
One topic per para.
Use topic sentence as
first line of para or
end line of para..
Leave out
unnecessary detail.
Short para.
8 lines per para.
Avoid para above 12
lines
Each para should
take you nearer to
goal of
communication.
Writing for effect.
Clarity first.
Planned effect.
Build goodwill.
Writing in Conversational
style is effective.
Resist tendency to be
formal.
Be friendly and
conversational.
Cut out rubber stamps
phrases: (‘last but not the
least’).
Use you- viewpoint
emphasizing reader’s
interests.
In writing printed word
alone must do the work of
voice, facial expression,
gestures and emotion.
Cut out rubber stamps
phrases: (‘last but not the
least’).
Use you- viewpoint
emphasizing reader’s
interests.
In writing printed word
alone must do the work of
voice, facial expression,
gestures and emotion.
Reader first.
Even bad news gets
lighter by you view point.
Be sincere.
Accent on positive
language.
Positive words for
persuasion and goodwill.
Negative words invoke
resistance and hurt
goodwill.
Never use strong
negative words.
Courtesy contributes to
goodwill.
Single out your reader.
Do not preach or lecture.
Avoid elementary obvious
statements.
Do more than expected.
Do not leave out
essentials.
Avoid anger or hint of it.
Be sincere.
Be courteous and
sincere.
Believe in techniques of
courtesy.
Do not overdo youviewpoint.
Avoid exaggeration.
Avoid superlatives.
Emphasize main ideas.
Be sincere.
Be courteous and
sincere.
Believe in techniques of
courtesy.
Do not overdo youviewpoint.
Avoid exaggeration.
Avoid superlatives.
Emphasize main ideas.
Emphasize by position.
Emphasize by devoting
more space.
Emphasize by short and
simple sentences.
Use mechanical means
of emphasis like
underline, color, diagram
Coherence..
Messages should be
internally coherent.
Stick to logic of
thought.
Tie in succeeding
thoughts.
Repeat key words to
connect thoughts.
Use pronouns to
connect.
Use transitional words
naturally.
SMS, email, web messaging
Shortened English
words.
Convey full message
with minimal need for
response from reader.
Saves time.
Cheap.
Written record.
Not confidential.
Emotion less.
Ignored or delayed.
To= main email
address
Cc= copy to email
address
Bcc= blind courtesy
copy email address
Subject= precise
clear idea.
Attachments= attach
a file. Ensure virus
free.
The message=
information sent
Start with identifying
yourself.
Organize information
in descending order
of importance.
Language can be
casual informal or
formal.
Casual messaging
Use slang
Colloquialism
Contractions
Short sentences.
Casual to friends or
acquaintances.
Informal language like
conversation.
Formal language like
business letter.
Write concisely.
No reference to
previous
communications.
Clear writing.
Courteous writing.
SMA email
Correct English as far as
possible while using short
messaging forms.
End with closing statement.
Use emphasis devices for
email like asterisk before and
after.
No email
if message is long.
Needs clarifications.
Confidential sensitive info.
Emotional message.
Avoiding direct contact.
Highly charged issues.
Use initialisms:
ASAP:
as soon as possible
BTW
By the way
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
FWIW
For whatever it is worth
TIA
Thanks in advance
TTFN
Ta-ta for now
memo
Internal letters.
Short reports.
Standard memo
template.
Direct approach.
Jargon allowed.
Specific info in logical
order.
End courtesy.
summary of ex comm
Summary of Important Guidelines for Effective Management Communication
Think strategically—always.
Be aware of the power of context on communication.
Remember presentations are a performance—if need be, adopt a "persona" that is more enthusiastic, engaging, and lively than you really feel.
Make sure any document (or presentation, for that matter) has one and only one main idea. Make sure everything you include supports and furthers that idea.
Always be ready to answer the question, "How do you know that?"
Remember your job as a writer or speaker is to make it easy for your readers/listeners to understand you. If readers/listeners don’t understand what you’ve written or said, 99 out of 100 times, it’s your fault, not theirs.
Think strategically—always.
Be aware of the power of context on communication.
Remember presentations are a performance—if need be, adopt a "persona" that is more enthusiastic, engaging, and lively than you really feel.
Make sure any document (or presentation, for that matter) has one and only one main idea. Make sure everything you include supports and furthers that idea.
Always be ready to answer the question, "How do you know that?"
Remember your job as a writer or speaker is to make it easy for your readers/listeners to understand you. If readers/listeners don’t understand what you’ve written or said, 99 out of 100 times, it’s your fault, not theirs.
course in communication
Management communication requires many skills, including writing
and editing business correspondence
Writing and speaking skills necessary for a career in management.
Students polish communication strategies and methods through
discussion of principles, examples, and cases. Several written and oral
assignments, most based on material from other subjects and from
career development activities.
Management Communication is intended to help you think
strategically about communication and aid you in improving your
writing, presentation, and interpersonal communication skills within
a managerial setting.
We will look at a set of "best practices" or
guidelines that have been derived from both research and experience,
give you the opportunity to put those guidelines into practice, and
provide you with feedback on your work to help you strengthen your
abilities. More often than not, we will be using a workshop format
that will rely heavily on discussion and in-class exercise
Objectives
Good communication is one of the keys to a successful career no matter
what field you choose, and many different skills contribute to a
professional's capacity to communicate well. The objective is to help
you improve the ability to:
Formulate an effective communication strategy for any message, in
any medium, and in any situation.
Write clearly, concisely, and convincingly.
Create impressive formal presentations that are delivered with
confidence and poise.
Give and receive feedback that will improve yours and other's
communication.
Listen for understanding.
Work effectively with others in small groups or teams.
Understand and negotiate the difference in communication between
yourself and people who are not from your culture.
Improving communication is a continuous process of learning, doing,
critiquing, evaluating, and doing again.
Expectations
Because so much of the class will be "hands-on" and because feedback
(ours, the TA's, and the feedback you give each other) is so important
to improving writing and speaking, our expectations about our work
together this semester include:
That you are committed to improving your professional effectiveness
as a communicator.
That you are willing to share your opinions and ideas on topics
presented in class.
That you will provide each other with clear, honest, concrete, and
sensitive feedback on work that is done.
That any concept that is unclear or confusing will be challenged and
examined.
That there are no stupid questions or comments.
Your success as an academic will depend heavily on your ability to
communicate to fellow researchers in your discipline, to colleagues in
your department and university, to undergraduate and graduate
students, and perhaps even to the public at large. Communicating well
in an academic setting depends not only on following the basic rules
that govern all good communication (for example, tailoring the
message to meet the needs of a specific audience), but also on adhering
to the particular norms of academic genres.
The purpose is threefold.
First, the course will acquaint you with guidelines that will help you
create well-crafted academic communication.
Second, it will give you the opportunity to practice your
communication skills and to receive extensive feedback from your
colleagues and from me. You will write and/or revise an article
manuscript or conference paper, present a conference paper or job talk,
write a manuscript peer review, and engage in various other
communication exercises. The article and talk, which are the major
assignments of the course, will be based on material from your own
doctoral studies.
Third, the course will provide an opportunity for you to learn about
professional norms for a range of activities that surround the academic
enterprise, including, for example, the scholarly publication process
and the job search process.
The purpose of this course is threefold.
First, the course will acquaint you with guidelines that will help you
create well-crafted academic communication.
Second, it will give you the opportunity to practice your
communication skills and to receive extensive feedback from your
colleagues and from me. You will write and/or revise an article
manuscript or conference paper, present a conference paper or job talk,
write a manuscript peer review, and engage in various other
communication exercises. The article and talk, which are the major
assignments of the course, will be based on material from your own
doctoral studies.
Third, the course will provide an opportunity for you to learn about
professional norms for a range of activities that surround the academic
enterprise, including, for example, the scholarly publication process
and the job search process.
Written and Oral Assignments: Your own research should serve as the
basis for the first two assignments. In fact, if you are currently
preparing a journal article, conference paper, grant proposal, and/or
job talk, you may use that work to fulfill assignments in this class.
Manuscript Review: One of the tasks faced by most academics is
reviewing manuscripts written by others for submission to a
conference or journal. Learning how to write a constructive review is
a key academic skill that we will discuss and that you will get an
opportunity to practice. You will arrange with your advisor or another
faculty member in your field to review a paper in your field.
The goals of this class are to provide opportunities for you to continue
polishing your communication skills in different contexts, and
particularly to provide practice in and feedback on the interactive
communication skills essential to successful managers.
Students will give various types of presentations, including
impromptu presentations and a longer (15-20 minute) presentation. In
addition, we will practice interactive communication (e.g., role play
with hostile client, interactive presentation to a hostile audience) and
communication in groups (e.g., running meetings, participating in
group decision making). Writing assignments include self-analyses
(including two individual self-analyses and one team self-analysis of
your team project) and one short business document (see discussion of
individual project, below).
Team Project: Team-led Class and Team Self-analysis
The class sessions designated "Team-led classes" on the syllabus will
focus on communication topics chosen by teams of students and will
be organized by members of the teams.
Individual Project: Presentation and Executive Summary
The individual project for the course culminates in a long presentation
and an accompanying one-page executive summary on a topic of the
student's choosing.
Readings:
Becker, Howard S. Writing for Social Scientist. University of Chicago
Press, 1986.
Davis, Gordon B., and Clyde A. Parker. Writing the Doctoral
Dissertation: A Systematic Approach. 2nd ed. Barron's Educational
Series, 1997.
Locke, Lawrence F., Waneen Wyrick Spriduso, and Stephen J.
Silverman. Proposals that Work: A Guide for Planning Dissertations
and Grant Proposals. Sage Publications, 1993.
Nash, Walter. The Writing Scholar: Studies in Academic Discourse.
Edited by Sage Publications, 1990.
Nystrand, Martin. What Writers Know: The Language, Process, and
Structure of Written Discourse. Academic Press, 1982.
Maanen, John Van. Tales of the Field: On Writing Ethnography.
University of Chicago Press, 1988.
Williams, Joseph. Style: Toward Clarity and Grace. University of
Chicago Press, 1990. [The best book on style that I've ever seen-well
worth reading and having on your shelf.]
Caplan, Paula J. Lifting a Ton of Feathers: A Woman's guide to
Surviving in the Academic World. University of Toronto Press, 1995.
Deneef, A. Leigh, and Craufurd D. Goodwin. The Academic's
Handbook. 2nd ed. Duke University Press, 1995.
Frost, Peter J., and M. Susan Taylor. Rhythms of Academic Life:
Personal Accounts of Careers in Academia. Edited by Sage, 1996.
Zanna, Mark P., and John M. Darley. The Compleat Academic. Eds.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987.
Andre, Rae, and Peter J. Frost. Researchers Hooked on Teaching:
Noted Scholars Discuss Synergies of Teaching and Research. Eds.
Sage Publications, 1996.
Boice, Robert. First-Order Principles for College Teachers: Ten Basic
Ways to Improve the Teaching Process. Anker Publishing Company,
1996.
Christensen, C. Roland, David A. Garvin, and Ann Sweet. Education
for Judgment. Harvard Business School Press, 1991.
Christensen, C. Roland with Abby J. Hansen. Teaching and the Case
Method. Harvard Business School Press, 1987.
Davis, Barbara Gross. Tools for Teaching. Jossey-Bass, 1993.
Goldberger, Nancy Rule, Blythe McVicker Clinchy, Mary Field
Belenky, and Jill Mattuck Tarule. "Women's Ways of Knowing." In
Sex and Gender: Review of Personality and Social Psychology. Edited
by Phillip Shaver and Clyde Hendrick. Sage Publications, 1987, pp.
201-227.
Weinstein, Gerald, and Kathy Obear. "Bias Issues in the
Classroom: Encounters with the Teaching Self." In Maurianne Adams.
Edited by Promoting Diversity in College Classrooms: Innovative
Responses for the Curriculum, Faculty, and Institutions 52 (Winter
1992): 39-50.
Beyer, Janice M., Roland G. Chanove, and William B. Fox. "The
Review Process and the Fates of Manuscripts Submitted to AMJ."
AMJ 38, no. 5: pp. 1219-1260.
Munter, Mary. Guide to Managerial Communication: Effective
Business Writing and Speaking. Prentice Hall, 2002. ISBN:
0130462162.
and editing business correspondence
Writing and speaking skills necessary for a career in management.
Students polish communication strategies and methods through
discussion of principles, examples, and cases. Several written and oral
assignments, most based on material from other subjects and from
career development activities.
Management Communication is intended to help you think
strategically about communication and aid you in improving your
writing, presentation, and interpersonal communication skills within
a managerial setting.
We will look at a set of "best practices" or
guidelines that have been derived from both research and experience,
give you the opportunity to put those guidelines into practice, and
provide you with feedback on your work to help you strengthen your
abilities. More often than not, we will be using a workshop format
that will rely heavily on discussion and in-class exercise
Objectives
Good communication is one of the keys to a successful career no matter
what field you choose, and many different skills contribute to a
professional's capacity to communicate well. The objective is to help
you improve the ability to:
Formulate an effective communication strategy for any message, in
any medium, and in any situation.
Write clearly, concisely, and convincingly.
Create impressive formal presentations that are delivered with
confidence and poise.
Give and receive feedback that will improve yours and other's
communication.
Listen for understanding.
Work effectively with others in small groups or teams.
Understand and negotiate the difference in communication between
yourself and people who are not from your culture.
Improving communication is a continuous process of learning, doing,
critiquing, evaluating, and doing again.
Expectations
Because so much of the class will be "hands-on" and because feedback
(ours, the TA's, and the feedback you give each other) is so important
to improving writing and speaking, our expectations about our work
together this semester include:
That you are committed to improving your professional effectiveness
as a communicator.
That you are willing to share your opinions and ideas on topics
presented in class.
That you will provide each other with clear, honest, concrete, and
sensitive feedback on work that is done.
That any concept that is unclear or confusing will be challenged and
examined.
That there are no stupid questions or comments.
Your success as an academic will depend heavily on your ability to
communicate to fellow researchers in your discipline, to colleagues in
your department and university, to undergraduate and graduate
students, and perhaps even to the public at large. Communicating well
in an academic setting depends not only on following the basic rules
that govern all good communication (for example, tailoring the
message to meet the needs of a specific audience), but also on adhering
to the particular norms of academic genres.
The purpose is threefold.
First, the course will acquaint you with guidelines that will help you
create well-crafted academic communication.
Second, it will give you the opportunity to practice your
communication skills and to receive extensive feedback from your
colleagues and from me. You will write and/or revise an article
manuscript or conference paper, present a conference paper or job talk,
write a manuscript peer review, and engage in various other
communication exercises. The article and talk, which are the major
assignments of the course, will be based on material from your own
doctoral studies.
Third, the course will provide an opportunity for you to learn about
professional norms for a range of activities that surround the academic
enterprise, including, for example, the scholarly publication process
and the job search process.
The purpose of this course is threefold.
First, the course will acquaint you with guidelines that will help you
create well-crafted academic communication.
Second, it will give you the opportunity to practice your
communication skills and to receive extensive feedback from your
colleagues and from me. You will write and/or revise an article
manuscript or conference paper, present a conference paper or job talk,
write a manuscript peer review, and engage in various other
communication exercises. The article and talk, which are the major
assignments of the course, will be based on material from your own
doctoral studies.
Third, the course will provide an opportunity for you to learn about
professional norms for a range of activities that surround the academic
enterprise, including, for example, the scholarly publication process
and the job search process.
Written and Oral Assignments: Your own research should serve as the
basis for the first two assignments. In fact, if you are currently
preparing a journal article, conference paper, grant proposal, and/or
job talk, you may use that work to fulfill assignments in this class.
Manuscript Review: One of the tasks faced by most academics is
reviewing manuscripts written by others for submission to a
conference or journal. Learning how to write a constructive review is
a key academic skill that we will discuss and that you will get an
opportunity to practice. You will arrange with your advisor or another
faculty member in your field to review a paper in your field.
The goals of this class are to provide opportunities for you to continue
polishing your communication skills in different contexts, and
particularly to provide practice in and feedback on the interactive
communication skills essential to successful managers.
Students will give various types of presentations, including
impromptu presentations and a longer (15-20 minute) presentation. In
addition, we will practice interactive communication (e.g., role play
with hostile client, interactive presentation to a hostile audience) and
communication in groups (e.g., running meetings, participating in
group decision making). Writing assignments include self-analyses
(including two individual self-analyses and one team self-analysis of
your team project) and one short business document (see discussion of
individual project, below).
Team Project: Team-led Class and Team Self-analysis
The class sessions designated "Team-led classes" on the syllabus will
focus on communication topics chosen by teams of students and will
be organized by members of the teams.
Individual Project: Presentation and Executive Summary
The individual project for the course culminates in a long presentation
and an accompanying one-page executive summary on a topic of the
student's choosing.
Readings:
Becker, Howard S. Writing for Social Scientist. University of Chicago
Press, 1986.
Davis, Gordon B., and Clyde A. Parker. Writing the Doctoral
Dissertation: A Systematic Approach. 2nd ed. Barron's Educational
Series, 1997.
Locke, Lawrence F., Waneen Wyrick Spriduso, and Stephen J.
Silverman. Proposals that Work: A Guide for Planning Dissertations
and Grant Proposals. Sage Publications, 1993.
Nash, Walter. The Writing Scholar: Studies in Academic Discourse.
Edited by Sage Publications, 1990.
Nystrand, Martin. What Writers Know: The Language, Process, and
Structure of Written Discourse. Academic Press, 1982.
Maanen, John Van. Tales of the Field: On Writing Ethnography.
University of Chicago Press, 1988.
Williams, Joseph. Style: Toward Clarity and Grace. University of
Chicago Press, 1990. [The best book on style that I've ever seen-well
worth reading and having on your shelf.]
Caplan, Paula J. Lifting a Ton of Feathers: A Woman's guide to
Surviving in the Academic World. University of Toronto Press, 1995.
Deneef, A. Leigh, and Craufurd D. Goodwin. The Academic's
Handbook. 2nd ed. Duke University Press, 1995.
Frost, Peter J., and M. Susan Taylor. Rhythms of Academic Life:
Personal Accounts of Careers in Academia. Edited by Sage, 1996.
Zanna, Mark P., and John M. Darley. The Compleat Academic. Eds.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987.
Andre, Rae, and Peter J. Frost. Researchers Hooked on Teaching:
Noted Scholars Discuss Synergies of Teaching and Research. Eds.
Sage Publications, 1996.
Boice, Robert. First-Order Principles for College Teachers: Ten Basic
Ways to Improve the Teaching Process. Anker Publishing Company,
1996.
Christensen, C. Roland, David A. Garvin, and Ann Sweet. Education
for Judgment. Harvard Business School Press, 1991.
Christensen, C. Roland with Abby J. Hansen. Teaching and the Case
Method. Harvard Business School Press, 1987.
Davis, Barbara Gross. Tools for Teaching. Jossey-Bass, 1993.
Goldberger, Nancy Rule, Blythe McVicker Clinchy, Mary Field
Belenky, and Jill Mattuck Tarule. "Women's Ways of Knowing." In
Sex and Gender: Review of Personality and Social Psychology. Edited
by Phillip Shaver and Clyde Hendrick. Sage Publications, 1987, pp.
201-227.
Weinstein, Gerald, and Kathy Obear. "Bias Issues in the
Classroom: Encounters with the Teaching Self." In Maurianne Adams.
Edited by Promoting Diversity in College Classrooms: Innovative
Responses for the Curriculum, Faculty, and Institutions 52 (Winter
1992): 39-50.
Beyer, Janice M., Roland G. Chanove, and William B. Fox. "The
Review Process and the Fates of Manuscripts Submitted to AMJ."
AMJ 38, no. 5: pp. 1219-1260.
Munter, Mary. Guide to Managerial Communication: Effective
Business Writing and Speaking. Prentice Hall, 2002. ISBN:
0130462162.
tech presentation
Tech tools
Use all tools in MSWORD and MSEXCEL.
USE OUTLINE TOOL for writing speech or report or letter.
Access from help menu.
Use idea generation tool for planning.
Use split screen to view the outline and the actual document your are
writing.
Use graphs and formula tools in MS EXCEL.
Use templates and formats for all normal documents.
Use web based project management tool.
Use web based personal information management tools to plan time for completing writing projects.
Use Google desktop and web search toolbars with broad band internet
connection for research on the net.
Use data base tools to manage database.
MSACCESS mastery will help in managing database.
Different database tools
are: EndNote; ProCite;
Reference manager;RefWorks.
Statistical works can be assisted by statistical programs and
spreadsheet like MSEXCEL.
Graphics tools are available in MSEXCEL.
Use writing tool;
spell check;
e thesaurus;
grammar check; style check;
e references;
wikipedia;
graphics in excel;
drawing packages;
voice recognition tools;
speech tools;
info rights management tools.
Translation tool;
Auto summarize tool.
Compare and merge documents.
Templates
Word processing helps in capturing manipulating editing revising
documents.
Insert, delete, move, copy, search, find , replace improve your
speed.
Basic math calculation in columns, sorting, arranging in order is provided for.
Table feature allows organizing data and totaling, simple math
operations, formulae.
Hidden text, comment, footnote allows inserting info that need not be
printed.
‘Hyphenation’ and ‘format’ change allow even ness in right margin
after you ‘justify’ it.
Table content generating, index building are helpful features.
Use quick words, auto text insertion, headers and footers, merge,
combine, compare features will increase speed of document
creation.
Audit trail feature and track changes feature allow editing by many
and subsequent correction.
Saving versions feature will allow different versions of same document to be accessed at a time.
Grammar and style check gives you suggestions which are worth following.
Use dictionaries, style manuals, PIN code directories, book of
quotations, worlds almanac, pronunciation guides, encyclopedia.
Writer can specify how the document can be shared
controlled and used by others in network.
Tools for presenting messages
Basic layout:
Layout is interrelated
elements on a page
:white space; text,
visuals, graphic design
elements like circles,
lines, bullets.
White space to text is 1:1.
Line 40 characters long.
Short lines with less
space of 1 or 1.5.
White space gives
emphasis.
Avoid all upper case.
Use both cases.
Graphics should enhance
text.
12 font is standard for
doc file.
20 font is for PPT.
Art should serve the
purpose of message.
Use art to break
blocks of text.
Effective design has
layout, type and art.
Laser print is
preferred.
Pdf, rtf , are format
friendly cross platform
e-documents.
Provide buttons and
keystroke alternatives
to navigate within the
page.
Transmitting tools
Mobile
Voice messaging.
Video conferencing.
Audio and video in all
docs.
Fax
Email
Text messaging
MMS
Blue tooth
IR connectivity
transmission
Fax and email are informal ways.
MSWORD with ‘track changes’ and ‘compare documents’ feature helps in collaborative document editing and correction incorporation.
Electronic meeting system and instant messaging group chat
systems, help in simultaneous document editing .
Business research
Secondary research
Library
Private library
Association
Trade body
Trade magazine
Google search.
Encyclopedia
Biographical directory
Almanac
Trade directory
Govt publication
Govt census
Govt statistical abstract
RBI banking statistics
Govt economic statistics
business info services for a fee
International sources for a fee.
Economic magazines for a fee.
Money control web site free.
Online catalog of online libraries.
University libraries.
Author words title subject search.
Online database.
Archives of magazines.
Index of computer
database.
ABI/INFORM
FACTIVA
LEXISNEXIS ACADEMIC
BUSINESS INDUSTRY
DATABASE
GOOGLE.
MEDLINE.
ALL THE WEB
YAHOO
HOTBOT
MSN SEARCH
USE ‘and’ ‘+’ ‘or’
OPERATORS FOR
ADVANCED SEARCH
ONLINE.
Use meta serch tools
Metacrawler
Search
Dogpile
EZZWWW
Ixquick
Kartoo.
vivisimo
Primary research
Company records with registrar of companies
Experimentation like market research
Observation
Sampling
Probability sampling
Random sampling
Stratified random
sampling.
Systematic sampling
Cluster sampling
Non probability
sampling
Convenience
sampling
Quota sampling
Referral sampling
Questionnaire
Avoid leading questions
Easy to understand
No personal prejudices
Seek facts only.
Ask what can be remembered.
Memory
Recent
Intensity
association
Provide sufficient space for reply.
Logical order.
Use scaling/ ranking.
Select approach
Best sample
Lowest cost
Best reach
Best results.
Conduct pilot study
Evaluate data
Report full statistics
Analyze them fully.
Check:
Can the author draw the conclusions from the data presented.
Are the sources reliable.
Has the author avoided bias in interpretation
Are there gaps in the facts
Survey
Trade body records and library.
Telephone survey.
Experiment:
Select group
Measure variable
Inject experimental factor
Measure variable
Calculate difference /change.
Do same with control group without injecting experimental factor.
Use all tools in MSWORD and MSEXCEL.
USE OUTLINE TOOL for writing speech or report or letter.
Access from help menu.
Use idea generation tool for planning.
Use split screen to view the outline and the actual document your are
writing.
Use graphs and formula tools in MS EXCEL.
Use templates and formats for all normal documents.
Use web based project management tool.
Use web based personal information management tools to plan time for completing writing projects.
Use Google desktop and web search toolbars with broad band internet
connection for research on the net.
Use data base tools to manage database.
MSACCESS mastery will help in managing database.
Different database tools
are: EndNote; ProCite;
Reference manager;RefWorks.
Statistical works can be assisted by statistical programs and
spreadsheet like MSEXCEL.
Graphics tools are available in MSEXCEL.
Use writing tool;
spell check;
e thesaurus;
grammar check; style check;
e references;
wikipedia;
graphics in excel;
drawing packages;
voice recognition tools;
speech tools;
info rights management tools.
Translation tool;
Auto summarize tool.
Compare and merge documents.
Templates
Word processing helps in capturing manipulating editing revising
documents.
Insert, delete, move, copy, search, find , replace improve your
speed.
Basic math calculation in columns, sorting, arranging in order is provided for.
Table feature allows organizing data and totaling, simple math
operations, formulae.
Hidden text, comment, footnote allows inserting info that need not be
printed.
‘Hyphenation’ and ‘format’ change allow even ness in right margin
after you ‘justify’ it.
Table content generating, index building are helpful features.
Use quick words, auto text insertion, headers and footers, merge,
combine, compare features will increase speed of document
creation.
Audit trail feature and track changes feature allow editing by many
and subsequent correction.
Saving versions feature will allow different versions of same document to be accessed at a time.
Grammar and style check gives you suggestions which are worth following.
Use dictionaries, style manuals, PIN code directories, book of
quotations, worlds almanac, pronunciation guides, encyclopedia.
Writer can specify how the document can be shared
controlled and used by others in network.
Tools for presenting messages
Basic layout:
Layout is interrelated
elements on a page
:white space; text,
visuals, graphic design
elements like circles,
lines, bullets.
White space to text is 1:1.
Line 40 characters long.
Short lines with less
space of 1 or 1.5.
White space gives
emphasis.
Avoid all upper case.
Use both cases.
Graphics should enhance
text.
12 font is standard for
doc file.
20 font is for PPT.
Art should serve the
purpose of message.
Use art to break
blocks of text.
Effective design has
layout, type and art.
Laser print is
preferred.
Pdf, rtf , are format
friendly cross platform
e-documents.
Provide buttons and
keystroke alternatives
to navigate within the
page.
Transmitting tools
Mobile
Voice messaging.
Video conferencing.
Audio and video in all
docs.
Fax
Text messaging
MMS
Blue tooth
IR connectivity
transmission
Fax and email are informal ways.
MSWORD with ‘track changes’ and ‘compare documents’ feature helps in collaborative document editing and correction incorporation.
Electronic meeting system and instant messaging group chat
systems, help in simultaneous document editing .
Business research
Secondary research
Library
Private library
Association
Trade body
Trade magazine
Google search.
Encyclopedia
Biographical directory
Almanac
Trade directory
Govt publication
Govt census
Govt statistical abstract
RBI banking statistics
Govt economic statistics
business info services for a fee
International sources for a fee.
Economic magazines for a fee.
Money control web site free.
Online catalog of online libraries.
University libraries.
Author words title subject search.
Online database.
Archives of magazines.
Index of computer
database.
ABI/INFORM
FACTIVA
LEXISNEXIS ACADEMIC
BUSINESS INDUSTRY
DATABASE
GOOGLE.
MEDLINE.
ALL THE WEB
YAHOO
HOTBOT
MSN SEARCH
USE ‘and’ ‘+’ ‘or’
OPERATORS FOR
ADVANCED SEARCH
ONLINE.
Use meta serch tools
Metacrawler
Search
Dogpile
EZZWWW
Ixquick
Kartoo.
vivisimo
Primary research
Company records with registrar of companies
Experimentation like market research
Observation
Sampling
Probability sampling
Random sampling
Stratified random
sampling.
Systematic sampling
Cluster sampling
Non probability
sampling
Convenience
sampling
Quota sampling
Referral sampling
Questionnaire
Avoid leading questions
Easy to understand
No personal prejudices
Seek facts only.
Ask what can be remembered.
Memory
Recent
Intensity
association
Provide sufficient space for reply.
Logical order.
Use scaling/ ranking.
Select approach
Best sample
Lowest cost
Best reach
Best results.
Conduct pilot study
Evaluate data
Report full statistics
Analyze them fully.
Check:
Can the author draw the conclusions from the data presented.
Are the sources reliable.
Has the author avoided bias in interpretation
Are there gaps in the facts
Survey
Trade body records and library.
Telephone survey.
Experiment:
Select group
Measure variable
Inject experimental factor
Measure variable
Calculate difference /change.
Do same with control group without injecting experimental factor.
oral communication 2
Audience analysis.
Preliminary sizing up:
Size.
Gender.
Age.
Education.
Knowledge level .
During presentation:
Feed back
Facial expressions
Movements
Noises
Adapt to audience.
Pause and regain attention if lost.
Appearance and physical action
Communication environment.
Personal appearance.
Posture.
Manner of walking.
Facial expressions
Smile
Frowns
Eye contact
Gestures
Physical movements.
Use of voice
Pitch variation
Vary speaking speed.
Cover simple aspects fast and hard slowly.
Vocal emphasis
Pitch
Pace
volume
Pleasant voice quality
Voice training.
Improve through self analysis
Imitation of great speakers.
Use of visuals
Graphics are useful.
Use for hard parts of message.
Chart
Diagram
Picture
Visual points of interest.
Every one can see visuals
Explain visual
Organize visual
Emphasize visual
Talk to audience
Avoid blocking the listeners view by pillars etc.
Good speaking practices
Organize the speech
Use audience level language
Articulate clearly pleasantly
Speak correctly
Be alert
Employ body language
Be relaxed natural
Look the listener in the eye
Keep still
Punctuate
Keep your temper
Move surely and quickly to conclusion.
Cross cultural
International audience
Do not over-generalize
Observe and learn on
your feet.
Ask if you do not know.
Observe differences in body positions and movements
Sit
Squat
Stand up
Greet
Observe differences in views and practices of time space & intimacy.
Hand gestures
Facial parts & gestures
Eye movements
Smile
Odor
Dress code
Values
Expression of emotion.
Frankness
Problems of language
Translation difficult esp idiomatic language.
Grammar and syntax differ.
Multiple meaning of words.
Meaning of phrases differ.
Items have different words and meanings
Many have problem using English.
Two word verbs are often misused.[ cash in]
Slang have meaning only to one culture.
Specific activity/ game / local language in a country generates words
not understood by other countrymen.
Suggestions
Use simple basic English.
Careful questions which are understood.
Check accuracy of completed communication with written summaries.
Learn language of the non English speaker.
Do back translation for important communication.
Be on guard while translating.
Standards for punctuation
Apostrophe for possession.
Brackets for quotes.
Colon for formal statement.
Comma to separate clauses, items in series,
adjectives in series, to set off nonrestrictive modifiers.
Comma to set off parenthetic expression
Dash to set off long material
Comma to set of apposition words.
Comma for units in a date or address.
Comma after introductory verbal clause.
Punctuation
Dash to show interruption
Exclamation for strong feeling.
Hyphen:
Word division
Parts of compound words
Italics:
Publication title
Foreign words abbreviation
Word name
Set off parenthetic words with parenthesis
Period
End of declarative sentence
End imperative statement
End a request
In abbreviations.
Omissions.
Question mark:
End direct question.
Quotation mark:
Speaker’s exact words.
Single for quote within quotes.
Period comma inside quotes.
Colons outside quotes.
For titles.
Semi colon
Separate independent clauses.
Items in a list.
Between equal units.
Grammar:
No adjective for adverb.
Verb & subject need number agreement.
Compound subjects need plural verbs.
Collective nouns singular or plural.
Some pronouns are singular (nobody,none)
Do not use adverbial clause as noun clause.
Avoid awkward writing.
Avoid dangling modifiers.
Avoid sentence fragments.
Pronoun should refer to preceding word.
Avoid using which that this to broad ideas.
Word , its pronoun should have same number.
Use correct case of pronoun.
Equal thoughts in parallel form.
Tense of each verb should show logical time of happening.
Present tense for current happenings.
Past tense for past happenings.
Present perfect is indefinite past tense.
Use words correctly.
Check spelling and meaning.
Numbers:
Spell nine and below.
Spell out Number at beginning.
Keep in the same form all numbers.
Use figures for days of month.
Ddmmyy or ddmmyyyy.
Spell indefinite numbers and amounts
Spell out fractions that stand alone.
Words and figures in legal documents.
Spell correctly.
Learn plurals.
Learn spelling rules.
Capitalize all proper nouns and beginning sentences.
Use ‘format > change case’ option in MSWORD.
Preliminary sizing up:
Size.
Gender.
Age.
Education.
Knowledge level .
During presentation:
Feed back
Facial expressions
Movements
Noises
Adapt to audience.
Pause and regain attention if lost.
Appearance and physical action
Communication environment.
Personal appearance.
Posture.
Manner of walking.
Facial expressions
Smile
Frowns
Eye contact
Gestures
Physical movements.
Use of voice
Pitch variation
Vary speaking speed.
Cover simple aspects fast and hard slowly.
Vocal emphasis
Pitch
Pace
volume
Pleasant voice quality
Voice training.
Improve through self analysis
Imitation of great speakers.
Use of visuals
Graphics are useful.
Use for hard parts of message.
Chart
Diagram
Picture
Visual points of interest.
Every one can see visuals
Explain visual
Organize visual
Emphasize visual
Talk to audience
Avoid blocking the listeners view by pillars etc.
Good speaking practices
Organize the speech
Use audience level language
Articulate clearly pleasantly
Speak correctly
Be alert
Employ body language
Be relaxed natural
Look the listener in the eye
Keep still
Punctuate
Keep your temper
Move surely and quickly to conclusion.
Cross cultural
International audience
Do not over-generalize
Observe and learn on
your feet.
Ask if you do not know.
Observe differences in body positions and movements
Sit
Squat
Stand up
Greet
Observe differences in views and practices of time space & intimacy.
Hand gestures
Facial parts & gestures
Eye movements
Smile
Odor
Dress code
Values
Expression of emotion.
Frankness
Problems of language
Translation difficult esp idiomatic language.
Grammar and syntax differ.
Multiple meaning of words.
Meaning of phrases differ.
Items have different words and meanings
Many have problem using English.
Two word verbs are often misused.[ cash in]
Slang have meaning only to one culture.
Specific activity/ game / local language in a country generates words
not understood by other countrymen.
Suggestions
Use simple basic English.
Careful questions which are understood.
Check accuracy of completed communication with written summaries.
Learn language of the non English speaker.
Do back translation for important communication.
Be on guard while translating.
Standards for punctuation
Apostrophe for possession.
Brackets for quotes.
Colon for formal statement.
Comma to separate clauses, items in series,
adjectives in series, to set off nonrestrictive modifiers.
Comma to set off parenthetic expression
Dash to set off long material
Comma to set of apposition words.
Comma for units in a date or address.
Comma after introductory verbal clause.
Punctuation
Dash to show interruption
Exclamation for strong feeling.
Hyphen:
Word division
Parts of compound words
Italics:
Publication title
Foreign words abbreviation
Word name
Set off parenthetic words with parenthesis
Period
End of declarative sentence
End imperative statement
End a request
In abbreviations.
Omissions.
Question mark:
End direct question.
Quotation mark:
Speaker’s exact words.
Single for quote within quotes.
Period comma inside quotes.
Colons outside quotes.
For titles.
Semi colon
Separate independent clauses.
Items in a list.
Between equal units.
Grammar:
No adjective for adverb.
Verb & subject need number agreement.
Compound subjects need plural verbs.
Collective nouns singular or plural.
Some pronouns are singular (nobody,none)
Do not use adverbial clause as noun clause.
Avoid awkward writing.
Avoid dangling modifiers.
Avoid sentence fragments.
Pronoun should refer to preceding word.
Avoid using which that this to broad ideas.
Word , its pronoun should have same number.
Use correct case of pronoun.
Equal thoughts in parallel form.
Tense of each verb should show logical time of happening.
Present tense for current happenings.
Past tense for past happenings.
Present perfect is indefinite past tense.
Use words correctly.
Check spelling and meaning.
Numbers:
Spell nine and below.
Spell out Number at beginning.
Keep in the same form all numbers.
Use figures for days of month.
Ddmmyy or ddmmyyyy.
Spell indefinite numbers and amounts
Spell out fractions that stand alone.
Words and figures in legal documents.
Spell correctly.
Learn plurals.
Learn spelling rules.
Capitalize all proper nouns and beginning sentences.
Use ‘format > change case’ option in MSWORD.
oral communication
Oral communication
Voruganty associates
Informal oral communication
We Talk more.
informally.
Some formal.
Words are life of talk.
Talking is oral expression.
Good talking:
Voice quality
Pitch
Delivery speed
volume
Speaking style
Pitch
Speed
volume
Word choice
Vocabulary
Morality
Courtesy
Respect
Adaptation
Listener first
Words
Voice
style
Talking
Courteous.
Aggressive.
Meetings – oral communication
Leader or led.
Parliamentary procedure in meetings.
Leader role:
Plan the meeting.
Follow the plan item wise.
Move the discussion along the plan.
Allow no one to talk too much.
Encourage everyone to take part.
Control time when time is limited.
Summarize in between.
Conclude.
Participant
Follow the agenda.
Participate.
Avoid talking too much.
Cooperate with all and leader.
Practice courtesy.
Using telephone:
Courtesy first.
Friendly voice quality.
Talk as if face to face.
Introduce/identify yourself first.
Make no comments or misleading questions.
Co not place on hold.
Screen callers courteously.
Effective telephone procedure
State your purpose
Points systematically
Plan important calls.
Be considerate.
Listen.
Do not dominate
Use time efficiently.
Voice mail:
Use it like telephone.
Be Brief.
Be clear.
Be distinct.
Self contained message.
Give number to be called.
Cell phones
Turnoff ringer in meetings.
Do not use in social gatherings.
Do not place on table while eating.
Avoid talking if it annoys others.
Avoid discussing personal matters.
Use low voice.
Call from quiet place.
Be conscious of people around.
Don’t call and drive.
Dictation.
Get all info ready.
Plan the message.
Talk through the message.
Force words at first chance.
Speak distinctly
Play back when necessary.
Proof read for accuracy.
Give para graphing punctuation.
listening
Be a good listener.
Involve sensing
Filtering
Remembering.
Improve ability to sense sounds.
Be attentive.
Give meaning to symbols you sense.
Remember what you listen. Consciously .
Be alert.
Pay attention.
Improve mental filtering.
Think from speaker’s viewpoint.
Listening
Stop talking.
Put the talker at ease.
Show the talker you are attentive.
Remove distractions.
Empathize with talker.
Be patient.
Hold your temper.
Go easy on argument and criticism.
Ask questions to show you are listening.
Stop talking!
Non verbal communication
More non verbal than verbal .
Culture dictates non verbal meanings.
Be sensitive.
Body language
Space
Time
Para language.
Body language:
Arms
Fingers
Expressions
Posture
Face and eyes
Leg , torso movement.
Head movement.
Physical appearance and attire..
Non verbal space
Intimate
Personal
Social
Public
communication behaviour changes with each space.
Changes with culture
Colour.
Office carpeting
AC
decoration
Para language:
Accent changes meaning.
Speed
Pitch
Volume
Connection of words
Degree of consistency.
Expected appearance, personality, attire.
Public speaking
Formal speech.
Topic
Assigned – prepare
To Select
on your knowledge
Your audience
The occasion
Research the topic.
Prepare presentation.
Organize info.
Greet first.
Gain attention
Open with human interest.
Open with humour.
Open with quotation
Opening sets up the subject.
Speech
State the subject
In persuasion speech subject comes last.
Organize speech as you would a report based on factors.
Emphasize transitions between parts.
Do not jump between parts.
Take the audience along.
Ending
Restate the subject.
Summarize key points
Draw a conclusion.
Bring it to climax and close.
Presentation method
Choose
Extempore.
Memorize.
Reading.
If you read – improvise or perish.
Personal aspects:
You are part of the message.
Analyze yourself.
Have confidence.
Earn confidence of your audience.
Be sincere.
Be thorough.
Be friendly.
Voruganty associates
Informal oral communication
We Talk more.
informally.
Some formal.
Words are life of talk.
Talking is oral expression.
Good talking:
Voice quality
Pitch
Delivery speed
volume
Speaking style
Pitch
Speed
volume
Word choice
Vocabulary
Morality
Courtesy
Respect
Adaptation
Listener first
Words
Voice
style
Talking
Courteous.
Aggressive.
Meetings – oral communication
Leader or led.
Parliamentary procedure in meetings.
Leader role:
Plan the meeting.
Follow the plan item wise.
Move the discussion along the plan.
Allow no one to talk too much.
Encourage everyone to take part.
Control time when time is limited.
Summarize in between.
Conclude.
Participant
Follow the agenda.
Participate.
Avoid talking too much.
Cooperate with all and leader.
Practice courtesy.
Using telephone:
Courtesy first.
Friendly voice quality.
Talk as if face to face.
Introduce/identify yourself first.
Make no comments or misleading questions.
Co not place on hold.
Screen callers courteously.
Effective telephone procedure
State your purpose
Points systematically
Plan important calls.
Be considerate.
Listen.
Do not dominate
Use time efficiently.
Voice mail:
Use it like telephone.
Be Brief.
Be clear.
Be distinct.
Self contained message.
Give number to be called.
Cell phones
Turnoff ringer in meetings.
Do not use in social gatherings.
Do not place on table while eating.
Avoid talking if it annoys others.
Avoid discussing personal matters.
Use low voice.
Call from quiet place.
Be conscious of people around.
Don’t call and drive.
Dictation.
Get all info ready.
Plan the message.
Talk through the message.
Force words at first chance.
Speak distinctly
Play back when necessary.
Proof read for accuracy.
Give para graphing punctuation.
listening
Be a good listener.
Involve sensing
Filtering
Remembering.
Improve ability to sense sounds.
Be attentive.
Give meaning to symbols you sense.
Remember what you listen. Consciously .
Be alert.
Pay attention.
Improve mental filtering.
Think from speaker’s viewpoint.
Listening
Stop talking.
Put the talker at ease.
Show the talker you are attentive.
Remove distractions.
Empathize with talker.
Be patient.
Hold your temper.
Go easy on argument and criticism.
Ask questions to show you are listening.
Stop talking!
Non verbal communication
More non verbal than verbal .
Culture dictates non verbal meanings.
Be sensitive.
Body language
Space
Time
Para language.
Body language:
Arms
Fingers
Expressions
Posture
Face and eyes
Leg , torso movement.
Head movement.
Physical appearance and attire..
Non verbal space
Intimate
Personal
Social
Public
communication behaviour changes with each space.
Changes with culture
Colour.
Office carpeting
AC
decoration
Para language:
Accent changes meaning.
Speed
Pitch
Volume
Connection of words
Degree of consistency.
Expected appearance, personality, attire.
Public speaking
Formal speech.
Topic
Assigned – prepare
To Select
on your knowledge
Your audience
The occasion
Research the topic.
Prepare presentation.
Organize info.
Greet first.
Gain attention
Open with human interest.
Open with humour.
Open with quotation
Opening sets up the subject.
Speech
State the subject
In persuasion speech subject comes last.
Organize speech as you would a report based on factors.
Emphasize transitions between parts.
Do not jump between parts.
Take the audience along.
Ending
Restate the subject.
Summarize key points
Draw a conclusion.
Bring it to climax and close.
Presentation method
Choose
Extempore.
Memorize.
Reading.
If you read – improvise or perish.
Personal aspects:
You are part of the message.
Analyze yourself.
Have confidence.
Earn confidence of your audience.
Be sincere.
Be thorough.
Be friendly.
instructions
EVALUATION PATTERN
FOR' ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB
The English Language Communication Skills Lab can be broadly categorized into two
(i) English Language Lab
(ii) Communication Skills Lab
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT: 25 marks
General Note to the teachers
1. The teacher should strictly instruct the students to maintain a 200 pages long note book for the language lab and communication skills lab notes for which 5 marks should be awarded after evaluation.
Note: The book should be maintained neatly and,updated regularly.
2. The teacher should take attendance regularly for the lab sessions for which 10 marks may be awarded. .
3. The teachers are expected to conduct at least two Quizzes exclusively for the lab
sessions. .
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
The first quiz is to be conducted in the language lab.
The second quiz should be conducted in the communication skills lab. Each quiz should be awarded.
The total number of marks to be awarded for the internal assessment is 25
Note: However, it is left to the discretion of the teacher concerned to conduct the quiz in
the pattern that suits them best.
END-EXAMINATION ASSESSMENT - 50 Marks
General Note to the teacher
1. End examination assessment has to be made based on 3 hour examination process
which may include anyone or more of the following.
. Phonetics
. Group Discussions and Debate
. Role-plays and Situational dialogues . Public
speaking and e-correspondence . Final
Interview
The
2. The procedure should be such, there should be a proof of examination
performance of the students and the distribution of marks for the academic audit.
INDIVIDUAL GRADING PATTERN FOR THE GIVEN grading for
Phonetics should be .based on the following criteria. .
(i) In-class Quizzes - 5 marks; (ii) Lab homework - 5 marks
(iii) Experiment project-l 0 marks
Note:
Experiment Proiect - This is a project work to be done with a team of 2 or 3 students. The teacher gives the topic to the group for which they work in a group but present it individually.
However, the topic and design for the Experiment project is left to the discretion of the teacher.
The total of 20 marks for the above criteria must be brought to an average of 10 marks as final grading for the Phonetics topic.
2. The grading for the Group-Discussion should be based on the following assessment pattern.
(i) The teacher should give the topics for Group-Discussion and set a time limit of 30 minutes for the discussion.
The teacher should award 5 marks for the active participation of the student in discussing and writing the same into elaborated paragraphs in the 200 pages note books maintained by them. This would help the student in enhancing his/her writing skills.
(iii) 5 marks should be allotted for the presentation of their topic based on the following criteria. (a) Body Language (b) Confidence Level
(d) . Timing ( e) Appropriateness
(ii)
(c) Language Skills
The allotment of marks for the above given criteria should be one each.
Note: However, the selection of the topics is left to the discretion of the teacher. Teachers are encouraged to conduct as many Group Discussions as possible but the total number of marks for the Group Discussion should..be 10.
3. The grading for Role-Plays/Situational Dialogues should be based on the following observations.
(i) The teacher should give the student a clear understanding about the role to be played by them in !he Role-Play activity.
(ii) enhancing the Role, for which 5 marks are to be awarded.
(Hi) The selection of the topics for Role-Plays / Situational Dialogues are left to them
The Role-Play requires an active participation from both the students in the teacher's discretion and are advised to award 5 marks based on the student's participation and involvement.
TOPICS
1.Note:. However, students are expected to write the Role-Plays and Situational dialogues in the 200 pages note book maintained by them. The total number of marks to be allotted for the Role-Plays and Situational Dialogues is 10.
4. The grading for Debate should be based on the following profundity.
(i) The topics for the debates are left to the teacher's discretion.
(ii) The students are expected to contribute iri the debate to the optimum.
(iii) The idea behind a debate is to enhance the student's speaking skills.
Note: The teacher is advised to allot 10 marks for the debate.
5. The grading for Public Speaking and e-Correspondence should be based on their appraisal. ..
(i) 'The topics for Public speaking and the matter for e-Correspondence to be given to the students are left to the discretion of the teacher.
The student is expected to portray a high level of confidence, a good command and eloquence in language and expression.
(Hi) The student is expected to draft the information provided very meticulously.
(ii)Note: The student is expected to write their presentations in 200 pages note books
maintained by them.
6. The End-Examination assessment will conclude with a formal interview.
(i) The interview will be conducted by the subject teacher with the help of
another member of the staff from the same department.
(ii) All the candidates have to be present before the interviewing teachers.
(iii) Each student should be interviewed for a minimum period of 3 minutes. In
which the knowledge of the candidate coupled with the language
communication skills will be tested.
(iv) No attempt should be made to test the ignorance ofthe candidate.
Note: A maximum of 10 marks will be awarded for the interview session.
FOR' ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB
The English Language Communication Skills Lab can be broadly categorized into two
(i) English Language Lab
(ii) Communication Skills Lab
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT: 25 marks
General Note to the teachers
1. The teacher should strictly instruct the students to maintain a 200 pages long note book for the language lab and communication skills lab notes for which 5 marks should be awarded after evaluation.
Note: The book should be maintained neatly and,updated regularly.
2. The teacher should take attendance regularly for the lab sessions for which 10 marks may be awarded. .
3. The teachers are expected to conduct at least two Quizzes exclusively for the lab
sessions. .
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
The first quiz is to be conducted in the language lab.
The second quiz should be conducted in the communication skills lab. Each quiz should be awarded.
The total number of marks to be awarded for the internal assessment is 25
Note: However, it is left to the discretion of the teacher concerned to conduct the quiz in
the pattern that suits them best.
END-EXAMINATION ASSESSMENT - 50 Marks
General Note to the teacher
1. End examination assessment has to be made based on 3 hour examination process
which may include anyone or more of the following.
. Phonetics
. Group Discussions and Debate
. Role-plays and Situational dialogues . Public
speaking and e-correspondence . Final
Interview
The
2. The procedure should be such, there should be a proof of examination
performance of the students and the distribution of marks for the academic audit.
INDIVIDUAL GRADING PATTERN FOR THE GIVEN grading for
Phonetics should be .based on the following criteria. .
(i) In-class Quizzes - 5 marks; (ii) Lab homework - 5 marks
(iii) Experiment project-l 0 marks
Note:
Experiment Proiect - This is a project work to be done with a team of 2 or 3 students. The teacher gives the topic to the group for which they work in a group but present it individually.
However, the topic and design for the Experiment project is left to the discretion of the teacher.
The total of 20 marks for the above criteria must be brought to an average of 10 marks as final grading for the Phonetics topic.
2. The grading for the Group-Discussion should be based on the following assessment pattern.
(i) The teacher should give the topics for Group-Discussion and set a time limit of 30 minutes for the discussion.
The teacher should award 5 marks for the active participation of the student in discussing and writing the same into elaborated paragraphs in the 200 pages note books maintained by them. This would help the student in enhancing his/her writing skills.
(iii) 5 marks should be allotted for the presentation of their topic based on the following criteria. (a) Body Language (b) Confidence Level
(d) . Timing ( e) Appropriateness
(ii)
(c) Language Skills
The allotment of marks for the above given criteria should be one each.
Note: However, the selection of the topics is left to the discretion of the teacher. Teachers are encouraged to conduct as many Group Discussions as possible but the total number of marks for the Group Discussion should..be 10.
3. The grading for Role-Plays/Situational Dialogues should be based on the following observations.
(i) The teacher should give the student a clear understanding about the role to be played by them in !he Role-Play activity.
(ii) enhancing the Role, for which 5 marks are to be awarded.
(Hi) The selection of the topics for Role-Plays / Situational Dialogues are left to them
The Role-Play requires an active participation from both the students in the teacher's discretion and are advised to award 5 marks based on the student's participation and involvement.
TOPICS
1.Note:. However, students are expected to write the Role-Plays and Situational dialogues in the 200 pages note book maintained by them. The total number of marks to be allotted for the Role-Plays and Situational Dialogues is 10.
4. The grading for Debate should be based on the following profundity.
(i) The topics for the debates are left to the teacher's discretion.
(ii) The students are expected to contribute iri the debate to the optimum.
(iii) The idea behind a debate is to enhance the student's speaking skills.
Note: The teacher is advised to allot 10 marks for the debate.
5. The grading for Public Speaking and e-Correspondence should be based on their appraisal. ..
(i) 'The topics for Public speaking and the matter for e-Correspondence to be given to the students are left to the discretion of the teacher.
The student is expected to portray a high level of confidence, a good command and eloquence in language and expression.
(Hi) The student is expected to draft the information provided very meticulously.
(ii)Note: The student is expected to write their presentations in 200 pages note books
maintained by them.
6. The End-Examination assessment will conclude with a formal interview.
(i) The interview will be conducted by the subject teacher with the help of
another member of the staff from the same department.
(ii) All the candidates have to be present before the interviewing teachers.
(iii) Each student should be interviewed for a minimum period of 3 minutes. In
which the knowledge of the candidate coupled with the language
communication skills will be tested.
(iv) No attempt should be made to test the ignorance ofthe candidate.
Note: A maximum of 10 marks will be awarded for the interview session.
syllabus engg
MC1.6 ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION
Unit -I:
Features of Indian English - Correction of sentences - Structures - Tenses - ambiguity -idiomatic distortions.
UNIT-II:
Informal conversation Vs Formal expression Verbal and non-verbal communication,barriers to effective communication – kinesics
UNIT-III:
Types of Communication - - Oral, aural, Writing and reading - Word-Power -Vocabulary- Jargon -- rate of speed, pitch', tone - Clarity of voice
UNIT - IV:
Technical presentations - types of presentation -video conferencing-- participation in meetings chairing sessions.
UNIT - V:
Formal and informal interviews - ambiance and polemics - interviewing in different settings and for different purposes e.g., eliciting and giving information, recruiting,performance appraisal.
UNIT - VI:
Written communication - differences between spoken and written communication - features of effective writing Such as clarity, brevity, appropriate tone clarity,. Balance etc.- GRE. TOEFL models
Unit - VII: Letter-writing - business letters - pro forma culture - format - style - effectiveness, promptness - Analysis of sample letters collected from industry - email,fax.
Unit - VIII: Technical Report writing - Business and Technical Reports...,. Types of reports progress reports, routine reports - Annual reports - format - Analysis of sample reports from industry - Synopsis and précis writing'
REFERENCE BOOKS:
Essentials of Business Communication, Ravindra Pal, J S KorlahalIi: Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi.
Basic Communicati9n Skills for Technology, Andrea J. Rutherford;, Pearson Education Asia" Patparganj, New Delhi-92.
Advanced Communication Skills, V. Prasad, Atma Ram Publications, New Delhi.
Raymond V. Lesikav; Holm D. Pettit Jr.;
Business Communication; Theory & Application, All India Traveler Bookseller, New Delhi-51.
Business Communication, RK Madhukar, Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd K.R.
Lakshmi Narayana :
English. for Technical Communication - vols. 1 and 2, SCITECH Publications (India) Pvt. Ltd., T. Nagar, chennai-600 017.
Edmond Weiss: Writing Remedies: Practical Exercises for Technical writing, Universities Press, Hyderabad.
Cliffs Test Prep for ORE and TOEFL: Computer Based Test, IDG Books. India (P) Ltd. New Delhi~OO2.
GRE and TOEFL; Kaplan and Baron's
English in Mind, Herbert Putts and Jeff Strands, Cambridge
Unit -I:
Features of Indian English - Correction of sentences - Structures - Tenses - ambiguity -idiomatic distortions.
UNIT-II:
Informal conversation Vs Formal expression Verbal and non-verbal communication,barriers to effective communication – kinesics
UNIT-III:
Types of Communication - - Oral, aural, Writing and reading - Word-Power -Vocabulary- Jargon -- rate of speed, pitch', tone - Clarity of voice
UNIT - IV:
Technical presentations - types of presentation -video conferencing-- participation in meetings chairing sessions.
UNIT - V:
Formal and informal interviews - ambiance and polemics - interviewing in different settings and for different purposes e.g., eliciting and giving information, recruiting,performance appraisal.
UNIT - VI:
Written communication - differences between spoken and written communication - features of effective writing Such as clarity, brevity, appropriate tone clarity,. Balance etc.- GRE. TOEFL models
Unit - VII: Letter-writing - business letters - pro forma culture - format - style - effectiveness, promptness - Analysis of sample letters collected from industry - email,fax.
Unit - VIII: Technical Report writing - Business and Technical Reports...,. Types of reports progress reports, routine reports - Annual reports - format - Analysis of sample reports from industry - Synopsis and précis writing'
REFERENCE BOOKS:
Essentials of Business Communication, Ravindra Pal, J S KorlahalIi: Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi.
Basic Communicati9n Skills for Technology, Andrea J. Rutherford;, Pearson Education Asia" Patparganj, New Delhi-92.
Advanced Communication Skills, V. Prasad, Atma Ram Publications, New Delhi.
Raymond V. Lesikav; Holm D. Pettit Jr.;
Business Communication; Theory & Application, All India Traveler Bookseller, New Delhi-51.
Business Communication, RK Madhukar, Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd K.R.
Lakshmi Narayana :
English. for Technical Communication - vols. 1 and 2, SCITECH Publications (India) Pvt. Ltd., T. Nagar, chennai-600 017.
Edmond Weiss: Writing Remedies: Practical Exercises for Technical writing, Universities Press, Hyderabad.
Cliffs Test Prep for ORE and TOEFL: Computer Based Test, IDG Books. India (P) Ltd. New Delhi~OO2.
GRE and TOEFL; Kaplan and Baron's
English in Mind, Herbert Putts and Jeff Strands, Cambridge
ex comm
MUL TI MEDIA AIDED LANGUAGE LAB
Subject Code: PYP.3.1 08
Periods I Week: 4
Nature of Exam: Practical
Exercise Oriented Practicals:
Session : 25
Examination ". : 50
Exam Duration: 4 Hrs
Exercise - 1 :
Writing Effective Headings; Writing Effective Passages.- To describe; To compare and contrast;To define; To show cause and effect and To show sequence . .
Exercise - 2:
Writing Grammatically Sound Sentence; Using the Right Tense and Voice - Using the active voice; Paring the passive; Writing in the third person and Using the imperative voice
Exercise -3:
Punctuating Effectively - Common punctuation marks and how to use them; Using punctuation to clarify messages and improve readability; Bullets, numbers, white space and Using symbols'and abbreviations .
Exercise - 4:
Writing Summaries; Description - Event and Product
Exercise - 5:
Writing Specific Documents.,; Letters and Memos; Job Applications, Cover letters and Resume;
Exercise - 6:.
Writing - Procedures; Proposals and Analytical Reports;
Exercise - 7:
Using of Graphs, Tables and Figures for representing a data
Exercise - 8:
Writing out a: talk; Extra verbal Cues; Handouts, Visuals and demonstration Models;
Exercise - 9:. Basics of Web Page Design; Writing and Designing for World Wide Web;
Exercise -10:
Document Authoring and Maintenance; HTML Language and Electronic Publishing;
Exercise - 11:
Designing and Writing for Multimedia
Exercise -12: Personal and Group Communication: E-Mail; Mailing Lists, News Groups and Pharmacy.Related Discussion Forums; . . . . '.'
Exercise - 13:.
Phonetics and Spoken English ~Rhythm~ Intonation, Reading aloud, Accent difference between .American, British and Indian English; International. varieties of English .
Exercise -14:
Formal and Informal types of Speech; Elocution; Debating; Group Discussion; Brain Storming;
Exercise - 15:. . .
Collaborations of Health care providers using Network Technologies; Intranets, Software used for remote collaboration . . and Tele medicne
Subject Code: PYP.3.1 08
Periods I Week: 4
Nature of Exam: Practical
Exercise Oriented Practicals:
Session : 25
Examination ". : 50
Exam Duration: 4 Hrs
Exercise - 1 :
Writing Effective Headings; Writing Effective Passages.- To describe; To compare and contrast;To define; To show cause and effect and To show sequence . .
Exercise - 2:
Writing Grammatically Sound Sentence; Using the Right Tense and Voice - Using the active voice; Paring the passive; Writing in the third person and Using the imperative voice
Exercise -3:
Punctuating Effectively - Common punctuation marks and how to use them; Using punctuation to clarify messages and improve readability; Bullets, numbers, white space and Using symbols'and abbreviations .
Exercise - 4:
Writing Summaries; Description - Event and Product
Exercise - 5:
Writing Specific Documents.,; Letters and Memos; Job Applications, Cover letters and Resume;
Exercise - 6:.
Writing - Procedures; Proposals and Analytical Reports;
Exercise - 7:
Using of Graphs, Tables and Figures for representing a data
Exercise - 8:
Writing out a: talk; Extra verbal Cues; Handouts, Visuals and demonstration Models;
Exercise - 9:. Basics of Web Page Design; Writing and Designing for World Wide Web;
Exercise -10:
Document Authoring and Maintenance; HTML Language and Electronic Publishing;
Exercise - 11:
Designing and Writing for Multimedia
Exercise -12: Personal and Group Communication: E-Mail; Mailing Lists, News Groups and Pharmacy.Related Discussion Forums; . . . . '.'
Exercise - 13:.
Phonetics and Spoken English ~Rhythm~ Intonation, Reading aloud, Accent difference between .American, British and Indian English; International. varieties of English .
Exercise -14:
Formal and Informal types of Speech; Elocution; Debating; Group Discussion; Brain Storming;
Exercise - 15:. . .
Collaborations of Health care providers using Network Technologies; Intranets, Software used for remote collaboration . . and Tele medicne
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)